Chitosan nanofibrous wound dressing accelerates wound healing via reduction of CD68+/CD163+ ratio and increase of angiogenesis and collagen deposition

Presenter Type

UNO Graduate Student (Doctoral)

Major/Field of Study

Biomechanics

Advisor Information

Assistant professor

Location

CEC RM #230

Presentation Type

Oral Presentation

Start Date

22-3-2024 10:30 AM

End Date

22-3-2024 11:45 AM

Abstract

Chitosan nanofibrous wound dressing accelerates wound healing via reduction of CD68+/CD163+ ratio and increase of angiogenesis and collagen deposition

Mahboubeh Ghanbari1, Mark A. Carlson2, Carlos P. Jara2, Yury Salkovskiy1

1Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA

2Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA

email: mghanbari@unomaha.edu

Background: Chitosan-based materials hold significant potential for wound healing treatments due to their antibacterial properties, compatibility with living tissues, biodegradability, and low cost. Despite extensive research into chitosan applications for wound healing, the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which chitosan facilitates wound repair are not fully understood. This research aims to evaluate these mechanisms in a comparative study with commercial dressings using an acute excisional wound model in rats. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (n=39) were divided into three main groups based on the type of dressings used. Two treatment groups received PriMatrix Dermal Repair Scaffold and chitosan nanofibrous dressings as the primary dressing, with a 3M Tegaderm transparent film applied as the secondary dressing; the third (control) group was treated solely with the Tegaderm dressing. Histological changes and collagen content were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome (MTC) staining, respectively. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured in the wound tissue. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining for CD31, CD68, CD163, and vimentin was conducted on day 21 post-wounding. Results: The rate of epithelialization was significantly higher in rats treated with chitosan nanofibrous dressings (87.5% compared to 42.04%, p = 0.03) than in those treated with PriMatrix Scaffold. While TNF-α protein levels substantially decreased in rats treated with both chitosan nanofibrous dressings and PriMatrix Scaffold compared to the control group, iNOS levels increased only in the rats treated with chitosan nanofibrous dressings. The CD68+/CD163+ ratio was lower in the chitosan-treated rats (0.28 ± 0.04 vs. 0.58 ± 0.09, p = 0.02) than in those treated with PriMatrix Scaffold. Furthermore, collagen deposition and angiogenesis were higher in the chitosan nanofibrous-treated rats compared to the control group. Conclusion: Chitosan nanofibrous dressing significantly enhances cutaneous wound healing and is associated with pronounced neovascularization, increased collagen content, and the modulation of iNOS and TNF-α levels at the wound site.

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Mar 22nd, 10:30 AM Mar 22nd, 11:45 AM

Chitosan nanofibrous wound dressing accelerates wound healing via reduction of CD68+/CD163+ ratio and increase of angiogenesis and collagen deposition

CEC RM #230

Chitosan nanofibrous wound dressing accelerates wound healing via reduction of CD68+/CD163+ ratio and increase of angiogenesis and collagen deposition

Mahboubeh Ghanbari1, Mark A. Carlson2, Carlos P. Jara2, Yury Salkovskiy1

1Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA

2Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA

email: mghanbari@unomaha.edu

Background: Chitosan-based materials hold significant potential for wound healing treatments due to their antibacterial properties, compatibility with living tissues, biodegradability, and low cost. Despite extensive research into chitosan applications for wound healing, the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which chitosan facilitates wound repair are not fully understood. This research aims to evaluate these mechanisms in a comparative study with commercial dressings using an acute excisional wound model in rats. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (n=39) were divided into three main groups based on the type of dressings used. Two treatment groups received PriMatrix Dermal Repair Scaffold and chitosan nanofibrous dressings as the primary dressing, with a 3M Tegaderm transparent film applied as the secondary dressing; the third (control) group was treated solely with the Tegaderm dressing. Histological changes and collagen content were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome (MTC) staining, respectively. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured in the wound tissue. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining for CD31, CD68, CD163, and vimentin was conducted on day 21 post-wounding. Results: The rate of epithelialization was significantly higher in rats treated with chitosan nanofibrous dressings (87.5% compared to 42.04%, p = 0.03) than in those treated with PriMatrix Scaffold. While TNF-α protein levels substantially decreased in rats treated with both chitosan nanofibrous dressings and PriMatrix Scaffold compared to the control group, iNOS levels increased only in the rats treated with chitosan nanofibrous dressings. The CD68+/CD163+ ratio was lower in the chitosan-treated rats (0.28 ± 0.04 vs. 0.58 ± 0.09, p = 0.02) than in those treated with PriMatrix Scaffold. Furthermore, collagen deposition and angiogenesis were higher in the chitosan nanofibrous-treated rats compared to the control group. Conclusion: Chitosan nanofibrous dressing significantly enhances cutaneous wound healing and is associated with pronounced neovascularization, increased collagen content, and the modulation of iNOS and TNF-α levels at the wound site.