Date of Award

5-7-2026

Degree Type

Capstone

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Criminology and Criminal Justice

First Advisor

Dr. Mark Foxall

Abstract

Generational incarceration is a significant social problem in which criminal justice involvement is repeated across multiple generations of the same family. Children of incarcerated parents face elevated risks of trauma, poverty, educational disruption, mental health challenges, and later justice system involvement. These patterns demonstrate that incarceration often harms the entire family rather than only the individual offender. This project examines why generational incarceration occurs and identifies strategies to interrupt the cycle. The project uses a literature review methodology to integrate criminological 4 theory, sociological research, and policy analysis. These theories explain how parental incarceration disrupts child development, weakens family bonds, limits opportunities, and normalizes justice system involvement across generations. The research and findings indicate that children of incarcerated parents experience higher rates of behavioral problems, school failure, emotional distress, and juvenile justice involvement. At the same time, evidence shows that supportive interventions can significantly reduce these risks. Programs that involve parenting education, correctional schooling, child mentoring, caregiver support, structured visitation, and early reentry planning are associated with stronger family outcomes and lower reoffending rates and chances. This project proposes the C.A.R.E Manger Model (Coordination, Advocacy, Resources, and Education), a family-centered intervention that will combine case management, peer mentorships, parenting education, educational attainment, and phased reintegration services. The model will also address both the incarcerated individual and the children and caregivers affected by the incarceration. The project will conclude that generational incarceration is not an inevitable thing. Through coordinated, evidence based interventions focused on families, education, and reentry success, correctional systems can reduce recidivism, improve child outcomes, and break the cycles of incarceration for future generations.

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